Download Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 PDF in English (English)

About the BSA

The **Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA)** is India's law of evidence for judicial proceedings. It came into force on 1 July 2024, replacing the Indian Evidence Act, 1872. The BSA is one of three criminal-law statutes overhauled in 2023 — alongside the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (which replaced the IPC) and the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (which replaced the CrPC). The act runs to roughly 170 sections, organised into 12 chapters grouped under 4 Parts. It retains the doctrinal spine of the 1872 Act — relevancy, admissibility, burden of proof, oral and documentary evidence — but modernises the treatment of electronic and digital records, updating the definitions of documents and primary/secondary evidence to reflect current record-keeping practice. This page indexes the full text of every BSA section, sourced and kept current with official notifications. Use the search above to find a section by keyword (e.g. “hearsay”, “electronic record”) or by section number. Use the Indian Evidence Act converter if you’re translating an older reference into its BSA equivalent.